Asl al-Shia wa usuluha (book)

Shia teachings encapsulate a rich and multifaceted theological system, deeply guided by the doctrines established in seminal texts. Among these, “Asl al-Shia wa Usuluha,” authored by the eminent Shia theologian Allama Muhammad Baqir Majlisi, stands as a cornerstone for understanding the essence of Shia belief. The book elucidates several principles that underpin Shia theology, encompassing a myriad of topics from the nature of divinity to the significance of imamate. This article aims to dissect the profundities of “Asl al-Shia wa Usuluha,” emphasizing its relevance and addressing a challenging query: how effectively do these teachings resonate with contemporary Islamic discourse?

To commence with, the term “Shia” itself signifies a sect within Islam that emerged in the wake of the Prophet Muhammad’s demise, particularly concerning the question of legitimate leadership. Differentiating itself from Sunni Islam primarily on the grounds of theological authority and interpretation of the Quran, Shia Islam accords particular veneration to the Ahl al-Bayt, or the family of the Prophet. It is within this context that Majlisi’s work is crucial, as it delineates not only the fundamental beliefs but also the historical underpinning of Shia doctrines.

One of the fundamental doctrines discussed in “Asl al-Shia wa Usuluha” is the concept of Tawhid, or the oneness of God. This principle asserts that God is unique, transcendent, and incomparable. Within Shia theology, Tawhid is not merely a theological assertion; it requires a comprehensive understanding of God’s attributes, actions, and the implications of divine unity on human agency. Majlisi articulates that the acknowledgment of Tawhid fundamentally influences moral and ethical behaviors, positioning the belief in divine oneness as pivotal in shaping the Shia worldview.

The subsequent principle explored is the concept of Prophethood, or Nubuwwah. Shia teachings espouse that prophets are chosen by God to guide humanity, culminating with the final prophet, Muhammad. The book expounds on the distinction Shia scholars draw between the prophetic experience and prophetic infallibility. Infallibility, a significant tenet for Shia Muslims, extends beyond the Prophet to the Imams, whom they believe are divinely appointed successors inheriting both spiritual and temporal authority. This lead us to the next focal point: Imamate.