Eight well-known ascetics

7. Ibn Arabi

While primarily known within the broader Islamic mysticism, Ibn Arabi’s works resonate particularly within Shia spirituality. His philosophical treatises on the unity of being (Wahdat al-Wujud) promote an ascetic understanding of creation. He posited that true knowledge of God requires transcending the self and embracing a universal consciousness, which aligns with the goals of spiritual asceticism. Ibn Arabi invites adherents to reflect on their relationship with God and the cosmos.

8. Imam Khomeini