Ghazwa of Hudaybiyya

In the month of Dhul-Qi’dah, the Prophet Muhammad set out with approximately 1,400 companions, intending to perform the pilgrimage (Umrah). The caravan was peaceful, adhering to protocols of non-violence, yet the Quraysh intercepted them at Hudaybiyya, expressing their disapproval of Muslims entering Mecca without permission. This confrontation marked the beginning of negotiations between the two factions. The Muslims sought peaceful resolution, underscoring the importance of diplomacy in Islam.

3. The Treaty: Terms and Conditions

The Treaty of Hudaybiyya was conceived through a series of negotiations that highlighted the principles of justice and compromise. Key terms included a cessation of hostilities for ten years, the return of Meccan converts to the Quraysh, and permissibility for Muslims to undertake pilgrimage the following year. While some companions expressed dissatisfaction with the seeming concessions made to the Quraysh, the Prophet Muhammad remained steadfast, emphasizing the long-term benefits this treaty would yield for the Muslim community.