Guardianship of the twelve successors of the Prophet

Understanding this historical backdrop not only contextualizes the struggles faced by the early Imāms but also illuminates the underlying motivations that compel Shia Muslims to hold firmly to the institution of the Imāmah. These motivations are deeply intertwined with the broader socio-political narratives that have shaped Islamic history.

Characteristics of the Imāms

The Twelve Imāms each represent an embodiment of unique virtues and attributes that set them apart as exemplary leaders. They are viewed not merely as political figures but as spiritual guides endowed with *‘ilmah* (knowledge) and *‘ismah* (infallibility). Such qualities are pivotal, as Shia teachings assert that the Imāms possess an intrinsic ability to interpret the Quran and the Sunnah accurately, ensuring that the community remains aligned with divine will.