Imam Khomeyni

Khomeini’s thought is rooted in classical Shia theology, particularly in the concepts of Imamate and the role of the Imams. He emphasized the idea of the Imamate as divinely ordained leadership. This notion posits that the Imams, starting from Ali ibn Abi Talib, possess an infallible authority over matters of faith and governance. Khomeini reinterpreted this doctrine, arguing for the institution of the Wilayat al-Faqih or Guardianship of the Jurisprudent. This principle advocates for a clerical-led state, where an Islamic jurist holds authority during the occultation of the twelfth Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi.

3. Political Philosophy: The Guardianship of the Jurisprudent

Khomeini’s political philosophy revolves around the concept that an Islamic government must be founded on the principles of Shia Islam. He posited that the state should not merely enforce Islamic law but should embody Islamic values. His formulation of the Wilayat al-Faqih was revolutionary; it proposed that a qualified jurist, imbued with moral and religious authority, should guide the community. This doctrine seeks to harmonize spiritual leadership with political governance, asserting that religious leaders are best equipped to safeguard the faith and the welfare of the Islamic society.