Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Mahdi (a)

Central to the Mahdi’s significance is the notion of occultation (ghaybah). According to Shia teachings, the Mahdi entered a prolonged state of occultation at the age of five, a phenomenon that underscores his role as the savior of humanity rather than a conventional political leader. This absence fosters a profound connection between the Imam and his followers, implying that the Mahdi’s guidance pervades even in his physical absence. The occultation is often divided into two phases: the Minor Occultation (ghaybat al-sughra) and the Major Occultation (ghaybat al-kubra), each serving distinct theological and socio-political purposes.

3. Imamate and Divine Authority

In Shia doctrine, the Imamate transcends simple leadership; it encapsulates a divine appointment marked by infallibility and unparalleled wisdom. The Mahdi, as the final Imam, represents the apex of this divine authority. His teachings stress the necessity of relying on God’s guidance, especially in turbulent times. This intrinsic authority demands a recognition of his role as a spiritual and temporal leader, bound to navigate the complexities of human existence through divine revelation and celestial wisdom.