Procession of Arbaeen

One key aspect is the theological underpinning of martyrdom. For Shia Muslims, the concept of martyrdom is exalted, viewing it as a pathway to eternal life and spiritual elevation. Participants in the Arbaeen march often carry banners and flags adorned with images and slogans that commemorate not only Imam Hussein but also passages from the Qur’an. This sacred symbolism serves to remind participants of the moral imperatives stemming from the tragedy at Karbala — the commitment to truth, justice, and righteousness.

The Arbaeen procession also serves as a tangible expression of ta’ziyah, a form of mourning and remembrance deeply embedded within Shia culture. Ta’ziyah commemorates the suffering of Imam Hussein, thereby inviting participants to connect with the emotional and spiritual dimensions of his sacrifice. The act of mourning is not seen as an end in itself, but rather as a catalyst for personal and communal transformation. In this light, the procession becomes an avenue for self-reflection and spiritual growth, provoking participants to evaluate their lives in relation to the principles of justice and moral integrity exemplified by Imam Hussein.

The unity displayed during the Arbaeen pilgrimage transcends linguistic and nationalistic divides. Attendees from various cultures treat each other as family members, sharing food, water, and emotional support. This communal solidarity is an essential tenet of Shia thought, reflecting the teachings of the Imams on the importance of fraternity among believers. Consequently, the gathering resembles an exhibition of collective resilience, with participants reaffirming their beliefs against the backdrop of contemporary global issues, such as war, inequality, and oppression.