Rightly Guided Caliphs

The Shia perspective positions Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, as the rightful successor, resolutely arguing that his selection was divinely ordained at various junctures, including the event of Ghadir Khumm. This theological assertion underscores the belief in an unbroken chain of leadership that legitimizes authority through divine rather than communal consensus.

2. The Role of Abu Bakr

Abu Bakr, the first caliph, is regarded with reverence in Sunni Islam for his historical significance and administrative acumen. However, Shia teachings often present a critical lens through which his selection can be examined. The appointment process following the death of the Prophet Muhammad, perceived by many Shia scholars as lacking a transparent or democratic foundation, raises questions about Abu Bakr’s legitimacy as a leader of the Muslim community.