Share of Imam (khums)

From a theological standpoint, Khums embodies a form of divine justice. It serves not only as a financial tool but as a spiritual obligation that nurtures the moral fabric of society. According to Shia doctrine, Khums is distinct from ordinary zakat (charity) as it is a mandatory contribution owed to the Imams. In Shia belief, withholding Khums can result in spiritual alienation, as failing to fulfill this obligation distances the individual from the compassion and mercy of Allah. It fosters a communal bond, reinforcing the necessity of sharing wealth and resources to uplift the marginalized and strengthen the socio-economic structure of the Shia community.

Categories of Khums

Khums can be subdivided into two primary categories: “Ghani” (wealth that a person attains through permissible means) and “Maal-e-Ghaneemah” (booty or unexpected wealth). Each category requires the contributor to set aside one-fifth (20%) of their earnings. The Ghani category pertains to wealth obtained through business profits, wages, and gifts, while the Maal-e-Ghaneemah is relevant when an individual acquires wealth unexpectedly, such as inheritance or windfalls. Shia scholars emphasize the importance of accurately identifying these categories to ensure compliance with Islamic tenets.