Shaykh al-Islam al-Hasan al-Basri

At the heart of al-Hasan’s teachings is the emphasis on the internalization of faith. He posited that true belief transcended mere intellectual assent; rather, it necessitated a deep-rooted understanding of ethical principles manifesting in one’s actions. His aphorism, “The most beloved of deeds to Allah are those which are consistent, even if they are few,” captures this essence.

Furthermore, al-Hasan underscored the importance of divine justice. He frequently engaged with the concept of theodicy, grappling with the paradox of suffering and divine wisdom. His contemplations invited believers to reflect on their relationship with God amidst adversities, reinforcing the idea that trials are tests of faith, not merely punitive measures.

4. Advocacy for Ethics and Justice