Syrian Alawites

Alawite theology presents myriad layers of understanding regarding divinity, the Prophet Muhammad, and the Imams, diverging from the traditional Shia view. Central to their beliefs is the idea of the divine unity, whereby God is perceived as transcendent and immanent within creation. Alawites maintain a profound veneration for Ali ibn Abi Talib, viewing him not only as the first Imam but also as an incarnation of divine wisdom. This belief extends into their practice of secretive rituals that emphasize personal spiritual enlightenment and initiation.

Moreover, Alawite religious observances are characterized by their distinctive calendar, which includes major celebrations that align with pre-Islamic traditions. For instance, their observance of the Prophet’s birthday and Fatimah’s birthday underscores the importance placed on familial and spiritual heritage, while simultaneously highlighting their connection to broader Islamic values.

3. Sociopolitical Influences