Zayd b. Ali b. al-Husayn (a)

Zayd b. Ali’s teachings encompass a diverse array of theological concepts, which reflect the intellectual vigor of early Shia thought. Central to his doctrine is the belief in the imamate—the spiritual and temporal leadership of the Muslim community bestowed upon the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of the Prophet.

Unlike some other Shia scholars who posited the necessity of infallibility in imams, Zayd emphasized the importance of justice, moral integrity, and the capability to lead in accordance with Islamic principles. He elucidated that an imam must possess profound knowledge (ilm), virtue (faḍl), and the capacity to guide the ummah towards righteousness.

4. Zayd’s Ethics and Social Justice